Home › Ancient
Biblical dry and liquid measures, from the log to the kor. Part of the Ancient Measures collection.
Every unit converts through liters. The scale follows the Encyclopaedia Judaica’s widely cited table: log 0.3, kav 1.2, omer 2.2, hin 3.6, seah 7.3, ephah and bath 22.0, kor 220.0. Dry and liquid series meet at the top: the ephah (dry) and the bath (liquid) are the same volume. Worked example: a mikveh’s minimum of 40 seahs = 40 × 7.3 = 292 L. These are scholarly reconstructions from vessel finds and texts — real jars varied, so treat every value as approximate.
Almost none in volume: both are about 22 L. The ephah measured dry goods (grain), the bath measured liquids (oil, wine) — Ezekiel 45:11 declares them ‘of one measure.’
One-tenth of an ephah, about 2.2 L — the daily manna ration per person in Exodus 16. The modern Omer offering is measured from this.
Ten ephahs, about 220 L (58 gallons) — also called a homer. The largest biblical volume unit, used for harvests and royal storehouses.
Jewish Length Jewish Weight Russian Length Russian Weight Russian Volume Roman Volume Greek Volume Persian Volume